UK orders probe into ‘energy resilience’ after fire near Heathrow Airport

March 23, 2025 journo

The British government has ordered an investigation into the country’s “energy resilience” after an electrical substation fire shut Heathrow Airport for almost a day and raised concerns about the UK’s ability to withstand attacks on critical infrastructure.

While Heathrow Airport said it was now “fully operational”, thousands of passengers remained stuck, and airlines warned that severe disruption would last for days as they scramble to relocate planes and crews and get travellers to their destinations.

Inconvenienced passengers, angry airlines and concerned politicians all want answers about how one seemingly accidental fire could shut down Europe’s busiest air hub.

Labour Party politician Toby Harris who heads the National Preparedness Commission said it was a “huge embarrassment”.

“It’s a huge embarrassment for the country that a fire in one electricity substation can have such a devastating effect,” he said.

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Energy Secretary Ed Miliband said he had asked the National Energy System Operator, which oversees UK gas and electricity networks, to “urgently investigate” the fire, “to understand any wider lessons to be learned on energy resilience for critical national infrastructure”.

It is expected to report initial findings within six weeks.

“The government is determined to do everything it can to prevent a repeat of what happened at Heathrow,”

Mr Miliband said.

Heathrow announced its own review, to be led by former transport secretary Ruth Kelly, a member of the airport’s board.

Heathrow Chairman Paul Deighton said Ms Kelly will look at “the robustness and execution of Heathrow’s crisis management plans, the airport’s response during the incident and how the airport recovered”.

People sit and squat on the ground with luggage in an airport looking forlorn — Travellers waiting as Britain’s Heathrow Airport closes. (AP Photo: Kin Cheung)

Stalled journeys

More than 1,300 flights were cancelled and some 200,000 people stranded Friday local time after an overnight fire at a substation 3.2 kilometres away cut power to Heathrow, and to more than 60,000 properties.

Heathrow said Saturday it had “added flights to today’s schedule to facilitate an extra 10,000 passengers”.

British Airways, Heathrow’s biggest airline, said it expected to operate about 85 per cent of its 600 scheduled flights at the airport.

While many passengers managed to resume stalled journeys, others remained in limbo.

Laura Fritschie from Kansas City was on vacation with her family in Ireland when she learned that her father had died.

On Saturday she was stranded at Heathrow after her flight to Chicago was cancelled at the last minute.

“I’m very frustrated,” she said.

“This was my first big vacation with my kids since my husband died, and … now this. So I just want to go home.”

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Shutdown points to a broader problem

Residents in west London described hearing a large explosion and then seeing a fireball and clouds of smoke when the blaze ripped through the substation.

The fire was brought under control after seven hours, but the airport was shut for almost 18 hours.

Police said they do not consider the fire suspicious, and the London Fire Brigade said its investigation would focus on the substation’s electrical distribution equipment.

Still, the huge impact of the fire left authorities facing questions about Britain’s older infrastructure, much of which has been privatised since the 1980s.

The centre-left Labor government has vowed to improve the UK’s delay-plagued railways, its aged water system and its energy network.

It also promises to reduce carbon emissions and increase energy independence through investment in wind and other renewable power sources.

“The last 40, 50 years we’ve tried to make services more efficient,” said Mr Harris.

“We’ve stripped out redundancy, we’ve simplified processes. We’ve moved towards a sort of ‘just in time’ economy.

“There is an element where you have to make sure you’re available for ‘just in case.’ You have to plan for things going wrong.”

‘Clear planning failure’

Heathrow is one of the world’s busiest airports for international travel, and saw 83.9 million passengers last year.

Chief executive Thomas Woldbye said he was “proud” of the way airport and airline staff had responded.

“The airport didn’t shut for days. We shut for hours,” he told the BBC.

Mr Woldbye said Heathrow’s backup power supply, designed for emergencies, worked as expected, but it was not enough to run the whole airport, which uses as much energy as a small city.

An electrical substation sits burnt and smouldering with smoke rising from it — Smoke rises from the North Hyde electrical substation, which caught fire near Heathrow Airport. (AP Photo: Kirsty Wigglesworth)

“That’s how most airports operate,” Mr Woldbye said, as he insisted “the same would happen in other airports” faced with a similar blaze.

But Willie Walsh, who heads aviation trade organisation IATA, said the episode “begs some serious questions”.

“How is it that critical infrastructure — of national and global importance — is totally dependent on a single power source without an alternative?” he said.